Based on compressive strength, sulfate resistance, mass change, and relative dynamic elastic modulus tests, and XRD and SEM analysis, the effects of sodium chloride (NaCl) and gypsum on the mechanical properties and resistance to sulfate attack of slag-based geopolymer concrete activated by quicklime as well as the mechanism of action …
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Slag in Concrete. Definition: granulated blast-furnace slag that has been finely ground and that is hydraulic cement.-. ACI Concrete Terminology. The use of slag in concrete has several benefits, including reduced energy, reduced greenhouse gas …
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This study aims to investigate the effect of Na 2 CO 3 on cement–limestone powder–slag blends to enrich the understanding of this aspect, preliminarily explore the use of Na 2 CO 3 to improve the engineering properties of ternary blends, and expand the application of Na 2 CO 3 to different types of cement. This study was conducted as follows.
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The present study evaluates the effect of utilising granulated blast furnace slag as a partial substitution of the fine fraction of natural aggregates on various concrete parameters using the general factorial approach. Two levels of the water/cement ratio (0.45 and 0.5) and four different percentages of granulated blast furnace slag (0, 20%, 40% …
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However, these predictions do not take into account the positive effect of the continuing hydration of slag and fly-ash particles over a longer time.In this study, accelerated carbonation tests ...
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Abstract Keywords Flowability Shrinkage deformation Freeze-thaw 1. Introduction Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) or in a more specific form ultra …
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However, when steel slag powder accounts for over 30% of the cementitious material, its adverse effects on concrete's compressive strength become noteworthy [16, 17]. This negative impact is ...
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Caption: In a demonstration of the basic chemical reactions used in the new process, electrolysis takes place in neutral water. Dyes show how acid (pink) and base (purple) are produced at the positive and negative electrodes. A variation of this process can be used to convert calcium carbonate (CaCO3) into calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), which …
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CHAPTER 6—EFFECTS ON PROPERTIES OF FRESH CONCRETE, p. 8 6.1—Workability, p. 8 6.2—Time of setting, p. 8 6.3—Air entrainment, p. 9 6.4—Bleeding, p. 9 ... The use …
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The data indicate that the addition of a small quantity of copper slag (i.e., 5%) has a negligible adverse effect on concrete strength. At lower water-to-binder ratios of 0.5 and 0.6, Mixture 2 gave equal or slightly better compressive strength results than Mixture 1 (control mixture).
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13 rowsThis paper summarizes the adverse effects of steel slag, copper slag, lead-zinc slag, and ...
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The phosphorus slag (PS) can be used as a supplementary cementitious material due to its potential hydrating activity. However, its usage has been limited by its adverse effects, including prolonged setting and lowered early-stage strength. In this study, we achieved ultrafine granulation of PS using wetmilling (reducing d50 to as low as 2.02 …
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The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum cement content of the CTB mixture with variations in the cement content of 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, and 5.5% of the dry weight of the ...
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Blast furnace ferronickel slag (BFNS), currently an underutilized metallurgical residue, was investigated for use as a precursor for alkaline activation. Water glass solutions with various moduli (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0) were used at the same water glass concentration of 10% to investigate the influence of the modulus on hydration and mechanical properties. The …
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Abstract This study investigates the effects of replacing a portion of Portland cement with slag cement (0%, 25%, 50% and 65% by mass) on the properties of plain …
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slag in concrete is found. S.T.Borole, et.al.(2016) [9], in their paper entitled "Replacement of Fine Aggregate by Steel Slag". In this ... fine aggregate will not show any harm and any adverse effect to the durability and strength. The test is carried out after 7 …
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Raw materials chemistry. Cement manufacture requires a source of calcium, such as CaCO 3 or CaMg (CO 3) 2, which comprises almost 80–90% of the total and the rest is iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3, Fe 3 O 4), quartz (SiO 2), and clay/bauxite (Al-silicates) (Aïtcin and Flatt Citation 2015; Hewlett Citation 2003; Peray and Waddell Citation 1986).Traces …
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have adverse effects on concrete strength. From the test, however, it has been noted that there was an insignificant loss of strength of concrete at temperatures below 250°C and …
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The influence of phosphate slag with different finenesses and activators on the hydration of high-belite cement has been studied by using the hydration heat of binders, the DTA curves, the SEM images, and the specific strength. Results indicated that doped phosphorus slag in the cement will reduce heat of hydration. The activity of phosphate …
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The dual role of concrete and cement, i.e. their positive effect on building industry and their adverse effect on the environment, has encouraged further research on the development and use of new technologies to reduce the consumption of cement in concrete production. ... The price of alkali-activated slag concrete containing …
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Abstract. This study investigates the effects of replacing a portion of Portland cement with slag cement (0%, 25%, 50% and 65% by mass) on the properties of plain ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) mixes. It is observed that slag cement substantially enhances the flowability of the UHPC mixes and reduces the …
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Slag cement is as old as iron-making itself. In the 1700s, it was combined with lime to make mortar. One of the first major uses of slag-lime cements was construction of the Paris underground in the late 1800s. In the U.S., blends of slag and portland cements were introduced in 1896. Today, slag cement can account for 30% to 50% of the cement ...
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The slump loss rate and expansion loss rate of concrete with slag powder are the largest, and the loss rate of C30 concrete can reach 27.9 and 20.0%, respectively. ... In high-strength concrete (C50), the adverse effect of iron tailings powder on flexural strength is less than that of low-strength concrete, and the adverse effect on splitting ...
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This research was conducted to investigate the effect of 0 to 30% partial replacement of cement by slag on chloride diffusion rate in concrete. Concretes with 0 to 30% slag were used and exposed to 2 to 5% NaCl solutions. The effect of different external salt concentration solutions and the influence of water-cement ratios ranging from 0.45 to ...
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The combined effects of slag cement and MgO have shown manifestations of C-S-H and M-S-H phases and have been shown to effectively mitigate chloride …
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After 55% replacement of Coarse aggregate as steel slag slight decrease in strength is observe, but still it is higher than 0% replacement without any adverse effect on the strength of concrete ...
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Abstract. This paper reviews the impact of cement industry towards the global environment and solutions to the problem. The increasing harvesting of raw materials for mounting cement manufacturing ...
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The addition of ultrafine slag have an adverse effect on the rheological behavior of paste. The yield stress and plastic viscosity of paste containing ultrafine slag increase significantly with increasing the ultrafine slag content and rest time. ... With a decrease in cement/slag ratio, the compressive strength for dry granulation slag cement ...
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After 55% replacement of Coarse aggregate as steel slag slight decrease in strength is observe, but still it is higher than 0% replacement without any adverse effect on the strength of concrete. Keywords- Steel slag, compressive strength, flexural strength, Expansive properties and split tensile strength.
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The results show that the BFS with a high fineness exhibits a high reactivity while an adverse effect on the fluidity. A high fineness of SS could have a negative impact on the hydration of blended cement. The addition of BFS, regardless of the fineness, substantially increases the number of small pores below 20 nm and enhances the …
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utilize Electric Arc Furnaces (EAF). Steel slag can also be produced by smelting iron ore in the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF). Steel slag can be used in the construction industry as aggregates in concrete by replacing natural aggregates. Natural aggregates are becoming increasingly scarce and their production and shipment is becoming more difficult.
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The use of slag in concrete has several benefits, including reduced energy, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and reduced use of raw materials. Various types of slag are produced: - Blast-furnace slag—The nonmetallic product, consisting essentially of silicates and aluminosilicates of calcium and of other bases, that is developed in a molten …
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At lower water-binder ratios, however, the adverse effects of steel slag on the strength of compression, penetrability, and the carbonation resistance of concrete were less pronounced. When the W/B was high early in the drying process, steel slag accelerated shrinkage, but it had no impact on the final shrinkage at 90 days.
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This SDS covers many types of slag. Individual composition of hazardous constituents will vary between slag types. 1.2. Intended Use of the Product. Ground slag is used as a supplementary cementitious material for cement, concrete and concrete products. It is also used in soil stabilization and as filler in asphalt and other products that are ...
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In the environment, the cement-based materials are subjected to leaching, so the assessment of potential adverse effects upon aquatic ecosystem is necessary. This …
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The setting time of alkali-activated slag (AAS) binders is extremely short, while traditional retarders of Portland cement may be invalid for AAS. To find an effective retarder with a less negative impact on strength, borax (B), sucrose (S), and citric acid (CA) were selected as potential retarders. The setting time of AAS with different admixtures …
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